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RNA Interference and Gene Silencing
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a highly specific gene silencing mechanism mediated by RNA molecules. Unlike conventional inhibitors, RNAi offers unrestricted target sites, high specificity, and low toxicity. Key oligonucleotides in RNAi include small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). These oligonucleotides bind to target mRNA sequences, inducing degradation or translational inhibition to silence genes[1].
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miRNA-Based Tools
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miRNA mimics: Synthetic double-stranded RNAs that can function like endogenous miRNAs they try to mimic.
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miRNA inhibitors: Single-stranded oligonucleotides with complementary sequences that bind to target miRNAs and block their biological functions.
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siRNA Applications
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In vitro : MedChemExpress (MCE) provides pre-designed kits (human/mouse/rat) include three siRNA pairs per target, ensuring ≥70% mRNA knockdown (transfection efficiency >80%).
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In vivo : Requires chemical modifications for optimal results. Custom siRNAs modifications (e.g., GalNAc conjugation) enhance stability for animal studies[2].
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Antisense Oligonucleotides (ASOs)
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ASOs target RNA via complementary binding, regulating gene expression by splicing, transcription, and translation (Figure 1)[3]. Applications include mRNA knockdown[3], pre-mRNA alternative splicing modulation[3], 5’ cap formation inhibition[3], and poly(A) tail regulation[4]. The cellular stability of ASO is often enhanced by chemical modifications (e.g., LNA (locked nucleic acid), PS (phosphorothioate)). MCE offers custom ASOs with stability-enhancing modifications.
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Figure 1. Regulation of target transcripts by single-stranded ASOs[3].
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MCE Provides 45,000+ Oligonucleotides for Customers
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References: 
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[1] Weng Y, et al. Biotechnol Adv. 2019 Sep-Oct;37(5):801-825.
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[2] Ebenezer O, et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 16;24(4):4019.
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[3] Crooke, S.T., et al. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2021 Jun;20(6):427-453.
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[4] Yuan F, et al. Genes Dis . 2019 Oct 25;8(1):61-72.
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Products are for research use only and are not intended for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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